Source study found
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Why an overactive immune system attacks the bodies of people with lupus but still leaves them vulnerable to infection (opens in a new tab)
medicalxpress.com · 2026-09-16
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The story
Why an overactive immune system attacks the bodies of people with lupus but still leaves them vulnerable to infection
medicalxpress.com · 2026-09-16
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We found the study behind this story.
We found the study, but couldn't compare the story to it: the study's evidence could not be profiled.
Open claim evidenceThe source study
TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus
Source layer
The 6 papers the story cites
Source study separated from background citations.
The research anchor for the report.
- The study this story reportsmentioned without context
TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus
Cell Press Blue · 2026
- Cited as backgroundmentioned without context
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contain Calprotectin, a Cytosolic Protein Complex Involved in Host Defense against Candida albicans
PLoS Pathogens · 2009
- Cited as backgroundmentioned without context
Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease
Nature Reviews Immunology · 2018
- Cited as backgroundmentioned without context
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Host Defense
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · 2020
- Cited as backgroundmentioned without context
The risk of infections in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Rheumatology · 2021
- Cited as backgroundmentioned without context
Lupus and proliferative nephritis are PAD4 independent in murine models
JCI Insight · 2017
Evidence layer
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The source study was found, but the study's evidence could not be profiled, so these claims couldn't be checked.
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Claim 1 of 5Not checkedPeople with lupus may still struggle to fight bacterial infections despite having an overactive immune system.View evidenceHide evidence
Not checked
The source study was found, but this claim couldn't be checked against it.
Claim 2 of 5Not checkedThe article says chronic inflammation may push neutrophils toward the wrong kind of response, helping explain the lupus/infection paradox.View evidenceHide evidence
Not checked
The source study was found, but this claim couldn't be checked against it.
Claim 3 of 5Not checkedIn healthy neutrophils responding to Staphylococcus aureus, sensing bacterial lactate helps trigger a type of NET that traps bacteria, is rich in antibacterial proteins, and kills the neutrophil.View evidenceHide evidence
Not checked
The source study was found, but this claim couldn't be checked against it.
Claim 4 of 5Not checkedIn lupus, inflammatory molecules reduced a protein needed to sense bacterial lactate and promoted a faster NET pathway that spared the neutrophil but was less effective at killing bacteria, according to the mouse findings.View evidenceHide evidence
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The source study was found, but this claim couldn't be checked against it.
Claim 5 of 5Not checkedThe article says standard lupus treatments can correct specific defects in these neutrophil pathways, and in lupus-prone mice they reduced bacterial counts in several organs but did not significantly improve survival.View evidenceHide evidence
As statedreduced the number of bacteria in several organs; did not significantly improve survival
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The source study was found, but this claim couldn't be checked against it.
Method layer
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TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus
Cell Press Blue · 2026
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Papers considered
The selected paper, plus nearby candidates.
Crossref, PubMed, Europe PMC · 21 candidate papers
TLR7/9 and type I interferon signaling reprogram neutrophil NET responses and impair antibacterial defense in systemic lupus erythematosus
Cell Press Blue · 2026 · Crossref
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Contain Calprotectin, a Cytosolic Protein Complex Involved in Host Defense against Candida albicans
PLoS Pathogens · 2009 · Crossref
Neutrophil extracellular traps in immunity and disease
Nature Reviews Immunology · 2018 · Crossref
Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Host Defense
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · 2020 · Crossref
The risk of infections in adult patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: systematic review and meta-analysis
Rheumatology · 2021 · Crossref
Lupus and proliferative nephritis are PAD4 independent in murine models
JCI Insight · 2017 · Crossref
And 15 more candidates considered.