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Source study found

Story checked

Sporadic illness drives rising US campylobacteriosis incidence over two decades (opens in a new tab)

news-medical.net · 2026-11-03

Short answerEvidenceSource

Short answer

Supported

Supported.

The story matches what the study reports.

  • 5 supported

Checked against the study summary. The full text wasn't available, so some details couldn't be settled either way.

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Follow the evidence trail
1
2

NewsLink checks it

Supported

Every claim holds up. All five claims match what the study reports.

  • 5 supported
Open claim evidence
3

The source study

Epidemiology of Campylobacteriosis Reported to the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS), and the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS), United States, 2004–2023

Zoonoses · 2026
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Then inspect each claim

Evidence layer

Claim by claim

Each claim gets a verdict. Expand it to see the evidence directly below.

5 claims in this story

Showing all 5 claimsChoose a verdict to focus the list.

Claim 1 of 5SupportedBecause outbreak frequency stayed stable while outbreak size decreased during 2004-2023, the increase in campylobacteriosis incidence was probably driven by sporadic rather than outbreak-associated illness.View evidenceHide evidence

Why this verdict

The profile states that outbreak frequency remained stable while outbreak size decreased during 2004–2023, and that the incidence increase was interpreted as probably driven by sporadic rather than outbreak-associated illness. The claim is headline-prominent, but it retains the paper’s probabilistic framing and does not outrun the abstract-level evidence, though the profile notes this is an inference rather than a direct quantitative attribution analysis.

1

Study evidence

Outbreak frequency reported to NORS remained stable during 2004–2023.

“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
2

Study evidence

Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.

“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
Claim 2 of 5SupportedA new Zoonoses journal article analyzed U.S. campylobacteriosis surveillance data from 2004-2023 across FoodNet, NNDSS, and NORS.View evidenceHide evidence

Why this verdict

The abstract-level profile states that the paper analyzed 2004–2023 campylobacteriosis data from FoodNet, NNDSS, and NORS. FoodNet/NNDSS are used for characteristics and incidence-trend comparisons, and NORS is used for outbreak frequency/size analysis.

1

Study evidence

The clinical and patient characteristics of illnesses reported to FoodNet and NNDSS were similar.

“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
2

Study evidence

Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.

“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
Claim 3 of 5SupportedFoodNet and NNDSS showed similar clinical and patient characteristics, and both systems showed a sustained increase in incidence starting in 2010 with increasing concordance after 2015.View evidenceHide evidence

Why this verdict

The profile directly reports that clinical and patient characteristics in FoodNet and NNDSS were similar, and that both systems showed a sustained incidence increase beginning around 2010 with increasing concordance after about 2015.

1

Study evidence

The clinical and patient characteristics of illnesses reported to FoodNet and NNDSS were similar.

“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
2

Study evidence

Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.

“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
Claim 4 of 5SupportedThe results support using NNDSS for monitoring national trends.View evidenceHide evidence

Why this verdict

The abstract conclusion, as profiled, says the results support use of NNDSS for monitoring national trends in campylobacteriosis, based on concordance with FoodNet trends.

1

Study evidence

Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.

“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
Claim 5 of 5SupportedThe story says adoption of culture-independent diagnostic tests likely drove some of the reported increase in campylobacteriosis incidence, but cannot fully explain it.View evidenceHide evidence

Why this verdict

The profile says CIDT adoption likely contributed to some of the observed increase in reported incidence but did not fully explain it. The story’s causal wording is hedged and limited to a partial contribution, matching the abstract-level framing; however, the abstract does not provide a quantitative estimate of CIDT’s contribution.

1

Study evidence

Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.

“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
2

Study evidence

Outbreak frequency reported to NORS remained stable during 2004–2023.

“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
Then look for missing context

Context layer

What the story left out

Important study details the story did not include.

  • The abstract lacks numeric incidence-rate estimates, spline specification details, denominator definitions, covariate adjustment information, and exact IRR estimates.

    The story does not mention that the evidence available from the abstract lacks key quantitative and modeling details needed to independently assess the strength and precision of the trend findings.

    From Spline regression and IRR-based comparative trend analysis

7 things the story did carry across
  • The paper analyzes U.S. campylobacteriosis surveillance data from 2004–2023 across FoodNet, NNDSS, and NORS.
  • FoodNet and NNDSS reported similar clinical and patient characteristics for campylobacteriosis cases.
  • FoodNet and NNDSS both showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence starting around 2010, with increasing concordance after 2015.
  • The authors conclude that NNDSS can be used to monitor national trends in campylobacteriosis.
  • CIDT adoption is identified as a likely partial contributor to increased reported incidence, but not a full explanation.
  • NORS outbreak data showed stable outbreak frequency and decreasing outbreak size, supporting the interpretation that increased incidence was probably driven more by sporadic illness than outbreak-associated illness.
  • The surveillance systems have different designs, including active FoodNet surveillance, passive NNDSS surveillance, and outbreak-focused NORS reporting.
Then read the study layer

Study layer

Study at a glance

Scan the study first. Expand only the parts you want to inspect.

Pieces of work

3

Evidence read

study summary

Lead result

secondary data

1Lead resultsecondary dataQuantify and compare time trends in campylobacteriosis incidence across FoodNet and NNDSS (including when increases began and how concordant trends are over time).Spline regression and IRR-based comparative trend analysisExpand

In plain English

Using surveillance data from 2004–2023, the authors modeled time trends in campylobacteriosis reported to FoodNet (active surveillance, 10 sites), NNDSS (passive national surveillance), and NORS (outbreaks) with spline regression and incidence rate ratios. They report a sustained increase in incidence beginning ~2010 with increasing concordance between FoodNet and NNDSS after ~2015; outbreak frequency remained stable while outbreak size decreased, implying increases were driven mainly by sporadic cases. The authors note that adoption of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDT) likely contributed to some of the rise but does not fully explain it, and conclude that NNDSS is suitable for monitoring national trends.

Key findings

  • Both FoodNet and NNDSS showed a sustained increase in campylobacteriosis incidence beginning around 2010, with increasing concordance between the two systems after about 2015.
  • Clinical and patient characteristics of reported campylobacteriosis cases were similar in FoodNet and NNDSS.
“Trends were modeled using spline regression, and incidence rate ratios were used to characterize changes in epidemiology.”
What this piece can’t prove
  • Abstract lacks numeric results, spline specification details, denominators, covariate adjustment, and exact incidence rate ratio estimates.
  • Potential measurement bias from increasing CIDT adoption is acknowledged by authors and limits attribution of the observed incidence increase to real incidence versus detection changes.

1 further detail could not be confirmed from the summary.

2secondary dataCompare epidemiology and clinical/patient characteristics of campylobacteriosis across three US surveillance systems (FoodNet active surveillance, NNDSS passive surveillance, and NORS outbreak reporting) over 2004–2023.secondary surveillance data comparisonExpand

In plain English

Using surveillance case data from FoodNet and NNDSS for 2004–2023, the authors compared distributions of clinical and patient characteristics and report that illnesses captured by the two systems were similar in those attributes.

Key findings

  • The clinical and patient characteristics of illnesses reported to FoodNet and NNDSS were similar.
“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
What this piece can’t prove
  • Abstract does not specify which clinical and patient variables were compared, the criteria for harmonizing variables between systems, or the statistical methods used for comparison.

2 further details could not be confirmed from the summary.

3secondary dataAssess whether changes in reported incidence are more consistent with sporadic disease versus outbreak-associated disease using NORS outbreak frequency/size patterns, and discuss potential contribution of CIDT adoption.outbreak surveillance descriptive analysisExpand

In plain English

Descriptive analysis of NORS outbreak reports (2004–2023) found stable outbreak frequency and decreasing outbreak size; authors interpret these patterns to indicate that the observed increase in reported campylobacteriosis incidence was likely driven by sporadic rather than outbreak-associated illness and note that adoption of culture-independent diagnostic tests (CIDT) likely contributed to some of the increase but does not fully explain it.

Key findings

  • Outbreak frequency reported to NORS remained stable during 2004–2023.
  • Outbreak size decreased over 2004–2023.decrease over 2004–2023
“We analyzed data reported to each system during 2004–2023.”
What this piece can’t prove
  • Abstract does not provide specific NORS inclusion criteria, numerical outbreak counts, statistical test results, or magnitude of changes for outbreak frequency/size.

2 further details could not be confirmed from the summary.

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Method layer

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Open the paper in Tessa

Epidemiology of Campylobacteriosis Reported to the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS), and the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS), United States, 2004–2023

Zoonoses · 2026

Source record (opens in a new tab)

Why this one

Near certain

NewsLink found the paper. Tessa is where you inspect it deeply.

Papers considered

The selected paper, plus nearby candidates.

Crossref, PubMed, Europe PMC · 34 candidate papers

Selected

Epidemiology of Campylobacteriosis Reported to the Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network (FoodNet), the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System (NNDSS), and the National Outbreak Reporting System (NORS), United States, 2004–2023

Zoonoses · 2026 · Crossref

Source (opens in a new tab)
Candidate

One Health Models for the Prevention and Management of Bacterial Zoonoses: A Comprehensive Systematic Review

Zoonoses · 2026 · Crossref

Source (opens in a new tab)

And 28 more candidates considered.