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Scientists studied diet and lung cancer in 95,612 adults. One eating pattern stood out (opens in a new tab)

news-medical.net · 2026-10-13

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The source study

Association of sulfur microbial diet with lung cancer incidence and lung cancer-related mortality in 95,612 American adults: a prospective cohort study from the PLCO trial

Nutrition Journal · 2026
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Claim 1 of 7Not checkedResearchers examined dietary patterns and long-term health outcomes in nearly 96,000 American adults.View evidenceHide evidence

As statednearly 96,000

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Claim 2 of 7Not checkedA recent study in Nutrition Journal examined whether a sulfur microbial diet (SMD) score is associated with lung cancer incidence and lung cancer-related mortality in a large U.S. prospective cohort.View evidenceHide evidence

As statedlarge U.S. prospective cohort

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Claim 3 of 7Not checkedThe final analytic cohort included 95,612 participants from the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial.View evidenceHide evidence

As stated95,612 participants

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Claim 4 of 7Not checkedCompared with the lowest SMD quintile, participants in the highest quintile had a 23% higher estimated hazard of developing lung cancer and a 19% higher estimated hazard of dying from lung cancer.View evidenceHide evidence

As stated23% higher incidence hazard; 19% higher mortality hazard

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Claim 5 of 7Not checkedEach standard deviation increase in SMD score was associated with about a 6% higher risk of lung cancer and a 5% higher risk of mortality, but neither continuous association reached conventional statistical significance.View evidenceHide evidence

As statedabout 6% higher risk; about 5% higher mortality risk

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Claim 6 of 7Not checkedThe mortality association was stronger among participants with more than 20 pack-years of smoking, and the association was strongest for squamous cell and small cell carcinomas, while no significant association was detected for adenocarcinoma.View evidenceHide evidence

As statedmore than 20 pack-years of smoking; strongest for squamous cell and small cell carcinomas

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Claim 7 of 7Not checkedThe article says the findings weakened after accounting for overall diet quality and competing causes of death, and that the study could not establish an independent sulfur-related microbial mechanism.View evidenceHide evidence

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Association of sulfur microbial diet with lung cancer incidence and lung cancer-related mortality in 95,612 American adults: a prospective cohort study from the PLCO trial

Nutrition Journal · 2026

Source record (opens in a new tab)

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Papers considered

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Crossref, Europe PMC, PubMed · 38 candidate papers

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Association of sulfur microbial diet with lung cancer incidence and lung cancer-related mortality in 95,612 American adults: a prospective cohort study from the PLCO trial

Nutrition Journal · 2026 · Crossref

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